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Joseph Haydn

Franz Joseph Haydn: The Architect of Classical Music

Introduction to Franz Joseph Haydn

Franz Joseph Haydn (1732–1809) was an Austrian composer whose innovations shaped Classical music, earning him the titles "Father of the Symphony" and "Father of the String Quartet." His contributions to orchestral, chamber, and choral music laid the foundation for composers like Mozart and Beethoven. Known for his wit, originality, and masterful use of form, Haydn was one of the most celebrated musicians of his time, influencing generations of composers.

Haydn’s Greatest Contributions

The Symphony and Orchestral Works

Haydn’s impact on symphonic writing remains unparalleled:

  • 104 Symphonies – Haydn refined and expanded the symphony into a sophisticated and expressive form.
  • Symphony No. 94 "Surprise" (1791) – Famous for its sudden, dramatic fortissimo chord.
  • Symphony No. 101 "The Clock" (1793–94) – Named for its steady, ticking rhythm in the second movement.
  • Symphony No. 104 "London" (1795) – A grand and triumphant work from his London period.

The Father of the String Quartet

Haydn’s string quartets set new standards for chamber music composition:

  • 68 String Quartets – Including the "Emperor" Quartet (Op. 76, No. 3), featuring the melody later used in the German national anthem.
  • The "Sun" Quartets (Op. 20, 1772) – Marked a turning point in the history of the string quartet.

Choral and Sacred Masterpieces

Haydn’s vocal works display both grandeur and spiritual depth:

  • The Creation (1798) – A magnificent oratorio depicting the Biblical creation story.
  • The Seasons (1801) – A vibrant oratorio celebrating nature’s changing cycles.
  • Harmoniemesse (1802) – One of his most majestic masses.

Piano and Other Chamber Works

Haydn’s keyboard and chamber compositions are full of charm and inventiveness:

  • Piano Trios – Helped establish the piano trio as a major genre in chamber music.
  • Piano Sonatas – Influential works showcasing elegance and structural clarity.

Haydn’s Enduring Legacy

Haydn’s friendship with Mozart and mentorship of Beethoven highlight his pivotal role in classical music history. His works remain essential to concert halls and music education, admired for their brilliance, innovation, and humor.

Joseph Haydn

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  • Haydn: Sieben Worte - Klenke Quartett / Berlin Classics Audio CD 2008 / 0016312BC Haydn: Sieben Worte - Klenke Quartett / Berlin Classics Audio CD 2008 / 0016312BC
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    Haydn: Sieben Worte - Klenke Quartett / Berlin Classics Audio CD 2008 / 0016312BC

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    Haydn: Sieben Worte - Klenke Quartett / Berlin Classics Audio CD 2008 / 0016312BC UPC 782124163129   Franz Joseph Haydn (/ˈhaɪdən/ HY-dən, German: [ˈfʁants ˈjoːzɛf ˈhaɪdn̩]; 31 March 1732 – 31 May...
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  • Haydn: String Quartets Op. 71 - Takács Quartet / Hyperion Audio CD 2011 / CDA67793 Haydn: String Quartets Op. 71 - Takács Quartet / Hyperion Audio CD 2011 / CDA67793
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    Haydn: String Quartets Op. 71 - Takács Quartet / Hyperion Audio CD 2011 / CDA67793

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    Haydn: String Quartets Op. 71 - Takács Quartet / Hyperion Audio CD 2011 / CDA67793 UPC 034571177939   Franz Joseph Haydn (/ˈhaɪdən/ HY-dən, German: [ˈfʁants ˈjoːzɛf ˈhaɪdn̩]; 31 March 1732 – 31...
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  • Joseph Haydn: Piano Sonatas - Evgeni Koroliov / Profil Edition Günter Hänssler Audio CD 2005 / PH04060 Joseph Haydn: Piano Sonatas - Evgeni Koroliov / Profil Edition Günter Hänssler Audio CD 2005 / PH04060
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    Joseph Haydn: Piano Sonatas - Evgeni Koroliov / Profil Edition Günter Hänssler Audio CD 2005 / PH04060

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    Joseph Haydn: Piano Sonatas - Evgeni Koroliov / Profil Edition Günter Hänssler Audio CD 2005 / PH04060 UPC 881488406023   Joseph Haydn (born March 31, 1732, Rohrau, Austria—died May 31, 1809, Vienna) Austrian composer who was...
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  • Juvavum Brass: Salzburger Raritäten = Curiosities Of Salzburg - Bernardi, Muffat, Mozart, Eberlin, Biber, J. M. Haydn, Weichlein, Rittler / Profil Edition Günter Hänssler Audio CD 2004 / PH04040 Juvavum Brass: Salzburger Raritäten = Curiosities Of Salzburg - Bernardi, Muffat, Mozart, Eberlin, Biber, J. M. Haydn, Weichlein, Rittler / Profil Edition Günter Hänssler Audio CD 2004 / PH04040
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    Juvavum Brass: Salzburger Raritäten = Curiosities Of Salzburg - Bernardi, Muffat, Mozart, Eberlin, Biber, J. M. Haydn, Weichlein, Rittler / Profil Edition Günter Hänssler Audio CD 2004 / PH04040

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    Juvavum Brass: Salzburger Raritäten = Curiosities Of Salzburg - Bernardi, Muffat, Mozart, Eberlin, Biber, J. M. Haydn, Weichlein, Rittler / Profil Edition Günter Hänssler Audio CD 2004 / PH04040 UPC...
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  • Henschel Quartett, Susanne Kelling - Joseph Haydn, José Peris: The Seven Last Words Of Christ (Version For String Quartet And Voice) / Challenge Classics Audio CD 2012 / CC72546 Henschel Quartett, Susanne Kelling - Joseph Haydn, José Peris: The Seven Last Words Of Christ (Version For String Quartet And Voice) / Challenge Classics Audio CD 2012 / CC72546
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    Henschel Quartett, Susanne Kelling - Joseph Haydn, José Peris: The Seven Last Words Of Christ (Version For String Quartet And Voice) / Challenge Classics Audio CD 2012 / CC72546

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    Henschel Quartett, Susanne Kelling - Joseph Haydn, José Peris: The Seven Last Words Of Christ (Version For String Quartet And Voice) / Challenge Classics Audio CD 2012 / CC72546 UPC 608917254624   Product Details Title: Joseph Haydn,...
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  • Joseph Haydn - Symphonies No 73 in D (La Chasse); Symphony No 74 in E flat; Symphony No 75 in D - The Hanover Band, directed by Roy Goodman / Helios Audio CD / CDH55121 Joseph Haydn - Symphonies No 73 in D (La Chasse); Symphony No 74 in E flat; Symphony No 75 in D - The Hanover Band, directed by Roy Goodman / Helios Audio CD / CDH55121
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    Joseph Haydn - Symphonies No 73 in D (La Chasse); Symphony No 74 in E flat; Symphony No 75 in D - The Hanover Band, directed by Roy Goodman / Helios Audio CD / CDH55121

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    Joseph Haydn - Symphonies No 73 in D (La Chasse); Symphony No 74 in E flat; Symphony No 75 in D - The Hanover Band, directed by Roy Goodman / Helios Audio CD / CDH55121 UPC 034571151212   Product Details Title: Joseph Haydn -...
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  • Franz Joseph Haydn: Lo Speziale - Paolo Pellegrini, Manuel Beltran Gil, Cinzia Forte, Daniele Broganelli, Orchestra Da Camera 'In Canto', Fabio Maestri / Bongiovanni 2x Audio CD 1994 / GB 2171/2-2 Franz Joseph Haydn: Lo Speziale - Paolo Pellegrini, Manuel Beltran Gil, Cinzia Forte, Daniele Broganelli, Orchestra Da Camera 'In Canto', Fabio Maestri / Bongiovanni 2x Audio CD 1994 / GB 2171/2-2
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    Franz Joseph Haydn: Lo Speziale - Paolo Pellegrini, Manuel Beltran Gil, Cinzia Forte, Daniele Broganelli, Orchestra Da Camera 'In Canto', Fabio Maestri / Bongiovanni 2x Audio CD 1994 / GB 2171/2-2

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      Franz Joseph Haydn: Lo Speziale - Paolo Pellegrini, Manuel Beltran Gil, Cinzia Forte, Daniele Broganelli, Orchestra Da Camera 'In Canto', Fabio Maestri / Bongiovanni 2x Audio CD 1994 / GB 2171/2-2 UPC 8007068217120   Lo...
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  • Haydn - Sonatas Nos. 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62; Fantasy in C major; Variations in C major & F minor - Dezso Ranki (piano) / Hungaroton Classic 2x Audio CD 1998 Stereo / HCD 11625-26 Haydn - Sonatas Nos. 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62; Fantasy in C major; Variations in C major & F minor - Dezso Ranki (piano) / Hungaroton Classic 2x Audio CD 1998 Stereo / HCD 11625-26
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    Haydn - Sonatas Nos. 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62; Fantasy in C major; Variations in C major & F minor - Dezso Ranki (piano) / Hungaroton Classic 2x Audio CD 1998 Stereo / HCD 11625-26

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    Haydn - Sonatas Nos. 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62; Fantasy in C major; Variations in C major & F minor - Dezso Ranki (piano) / Hungaroton Classic 2x Audio CD 1998 Stereo / HCD11625-26   Haydn, Joseph: Zongoraszonáták...
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  • Quatuor Pro Arte - Haydn: String Quartets Op. 20 Nos. 1 & 4, Op. 33 No. 3 'The Bird', Op. 50 No. 6 'The Frog' / Recordings: 1931-1938 / Fono Enterprise Audio CD 1998 / QT 99-380 Quatuor Pro Arte - Haydn: String Quartets Op. 20 Nos. 1 & 4, Op. 33 No. 3 'The Bird', Op. 50 No. 6 'The Frog' / Recordings: 1931-1938 / Fono Enterprise Audio CD 1998 / QT 99-380
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    Quatuor Pro Arte - Haydn: String Quartets Op. 20 Nos. 1 & 4, Op. 33 No. 3 'The Bird', Op. 50 No. 6 'The Frog' / Recordings: 1931-1938 / Fono Enterprise Audio CD 1998 / QT 99-380

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      Quatuor Pro Arte - Haydn: String Quartets Op. 20 Nos. 1 & 4, Op. 33 No. 3 'The Bird', Op. 50 No. 6 'The Frog' / Recordings: 1931-1938 / Fono Enterprise Audio CD 1998 / QT 99-380 UPC 8011662912770   The six string quartets Op...
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  • Haydn: Celibidache - Münchner Philharmoniker / EMI Classics Audio CD 1998 Stereo / 724355651822 Haydn: Celibidache - Münchner Philharmoniker / EMI Classics Audio CD 1998 Stereo / 724355651822
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    Haydn: Celibidache - Münchner Philharmoniker / EMI Classics Audio CD 1998 Stereo / 724355651822

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      Haydn: Celibidache - Münchner Philharmoniker / EMI Classics Audio CD 1998 Stereo UPC 724355651822   Sergiu Celibidache (Romanian: [ˈserd͡ʒju t͡ʃelibiˈdake]; 11 July [O.S. 28 June] 1912 – 13...
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  • Jacqueline Du Pré: Dvořák: Cello Concertos, Haydn: Concerto in C - Barenboim / EMI Records Ltd. Audio CD 1994 Stereo / CDC 7 47614 2 Jacqueline Du Pré: Dvořák: Cello Concertos, Haydn: Concerto in C - Barenboim / EMI Records Ltd. Audio CD 1994 Stereo / CDC 7 47614 2
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    Jacqueline Du Pré: Dvořák: Cello Concertos, Haydn: Concerto in C - Barenboim / EMI Records Ltd. Audio CD 1994 Stereo / CDC 7 47614 2

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      Jacqueline Du Pré: Dvořák: Cello Concertos, Haydn: Concerto in C - Barenboim / EMI Records Ltd. Audio CD 1994 Stereo / CDC 7 47614 2 UPC 077774761420   Jacqueline Mary du Pré OBE (26 January 1945...
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  • Joseph Haydn: Symphonien: Nr. 45 "Abschieds-Symphonie" = "Farewell" = "Les Adieux" & Nr. 60 "Il Distratto" - Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Concentus Musicus Wien / TELDEC Audio CD 1990 / 244 198-2 Joseph Haydn: Symphonien: Nr. 45 "Abschieds-Symphonie" = "Farewell" = "Les Adieux" & Nr. 60 "Il Distratto" - Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Concentus Musicus Wien / TELDEC Audio CD 1990 / 244 198-2
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    Joseph Haydn: Symphonien: Nr. 45 "Abschieds-Symphonie" = "Farewell" = "Les Adieux" & Nr. 60 "Il Distratto" - Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Concentus Musicus Wien / TELDEC Audio CD 1990 / 244 198-2

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      Joseph Haydn: Symphonien: Nr. 45 "Abschieds-Symphonie" = "Farewell" = "Les Adieux" & Nr. 60 "Il Distratto" - Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Concentus Musicus Wien / TELDEC Audio CD 1990 / 244 198-2 UPC 022924419829   Joseph...
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